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The Past and the Present
Hubert de Givenchy was born to a wealthy family 1927 in Beauvais, France.
He studied at the ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. His first job in the fashion
industry was when he worked for Jacques Fath in Paris in 1945. He then
worked briefly for Robert Piguet and for Lucien Lelong (1946) where he
worked with Lelong's assistants, Pierre Balmain and Christian Dior, and
finally for Elsa Schiaparelli (1947- 1951). He opened the House of Givenchy
in 1952. He named his first collection for Bettina Graziani, Paris's top
model. Balenciaga was his mentor, although he never worked for him, whose
atelier was just across the avenue George V.
Two women represent the typical Givenchy style of the 50s and 60s: Audrey Hepburn and Jackie Kennedy. By furnishing Hollywood movie stars beginning in 1953, Givenchy achieved a popularity like never before. A rather sad event brought global attention to Givenchy dresses. When John F.Kennedy was assasinated, the world witnessed a mourning Kennedy family all dressed in Givenchy clothes. Jackie Kennedy ordered a Givenchy dress for the funeral, which was especially flown in from Paris. It is said, that at that time, the Givenchy atelier possessed individual patterns sheets for every female member of the Kennedy family. In 1955, he introduced separates and then the Orlon-fabric to the haute couture. His designs are elegant and refined.
In 1988, Givenchy sold his business to Moet Hennessy-Louis Vuitton (LVMH) for financial reasons. Until his retirement in 1995, he remained head of design, always working in a white "lab coat". Givenchy is a collector of antique furniture, Louis XIV through French Empire.
The designer for the men's collection is Piergiorgio Dutto, who recently tries to give the Givenchy Men collection a new appeal. John Galliano, a British designer who was born in 1962 in Gibraltar, replaced Givenchy as designer in late-1995. Galliano graduated from St. Martin's School of Art in London in 1984. His inspiration comes from various historical periods, especially the 1940s. In 1987, he received the British Fashion Council Designer of the Year award. His first collection for Givenchy combined his extravagant evening dresses with the elegant restraint of Givenchy. He also injected a new competition and creativity into the French haute couture.
Interestingly, it has been announced in October 1996 that Galliano will switch to Dior, taking the vacant position of Gianfranco Ferre. In the future, design will be executed by another Englishman, 27 year old Alexander McQueen, who was trained like Galliano at the renowned St.Martin's School of Art in London and who received the "Designer of the Year"-award for 1996 of the British Fashion Award council.
The House of Givenchy is a member of Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture
et du Pret-a-Porter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Selected Products
* Couture Givenchy
* Boutique Givenchy
* Givenchy Men
* Givenchy Monsieur
* Givenchy Gentlemen
In 1996 Givenchy plans to rejuvenate its product program by introducing
a new fashion-oriented ready-to-wear men's line called Givenchy Men.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Selected Awards
* 30-year retrospective exhibit at the Fashion Institute of Technology
in New York (1982)
* 40-year retrospective exhibit at the Palais Galliera in Paris (1992)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Economic Data
Ownership
Hubert de Givenchy (like Dior) is a division of Europe's largest luxury
products manufacturer, Moet Hennessy-Louis Vuitton (LVMH), which is owned
and operated by Bernand Arnault through the investment company Financiere
Agache.
Sales
In 1993, Givenchy achieved total sales worth of $176 million (up 25%),
making it the second largest apparel division of LVMH after Dior. Ready-to-wear
men's lines contributed a third to total sales. Before Galliano took over
design, the European business was only 20% of total sales. Since then,
the number of points of sale in Europe is four times higher than in the
past.
Distribution
Givenchy had only two boutiques in 1993.
Production
Designed in Italy and produced in France by apparel manufacturer Bidermann
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The following biography contains information on Fashion Designer Issey Miyake.
BIOGRAPHY
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|| The Past & Present || Products || Economics || Address ||
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These clothes are no wrappings. You can understand them the way you want, you can wear them the way you want"
The Past and the Present
Issey Miyake was born in 1935 in Hiroshima, Japan, and graduated from
the Tama Art University in Tokyo in 1964, where he studied graphic design.
In 1965, he moved to Paris, where he worked for Guy Laroche (1966-68) and
Givenchy (1968). In 1969-70 he worked for Geoffrey Beene in New York City.
In 1970, Miyake opened the Miyake Design Studio (MDS) and in 1971 the Miyake International Inc. followed. Miyake showed his first collection in 1971 in both Tokyo and New York, and in Paris for the first time in 1973. He established a design company in France in 1979, and in the United States in 1982.
From the early days on, his collections appear almost as often in museums or on theatre-stages as they appear on the runways of the fashion business.
Miyake's early collections were influenced by Vionnet and by traditional Japanese folkwear, and today his avant-garde styles are striking and timeless. His innovative fabrics, in both natural fibers and new synthetics, are created in collaboration with his assistant, Makiko Minagawa. Since his work with coreographer William Forsythe and the Frankfurt Ballet in 1988, Miyake experiments with pleated fabrics of all kinds.
Miyake is a guest member of Chambre Syndicale du Pret-a-Porter in Paris.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Selected Products
* Issey Miyake
* Issey Miyake Permanente
* Asha by MDS
* Issey Miyake Plantation (men's wear)
* Issey Miyake Pleats Please, since 1990
* Issey Miyake Cotton (diffusion)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Selected Awards
* Japan Fashion Editor's Club Award (1974)
* Pratt Institue, New York Award for Creative Design (1980)
* International Award of the Council of America Fashion Designers (1984)
* Neiman-Marcus Award (1984)
* Best Collection presented by a Foreign Designer-Award of Les Oscars
1985 de la Mode, Paris (1985)
* Award of the Japanese magazine for the textile industry Senken Shimbun
(1986)
* Mainichi Newspaper Fashion Awards (1977, 1984, and 1996)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Economic Data
Compared to the widely spread literature on the artistic phenomenon
Issey Miyake, hardly any information on the economic side of the Issey
Miyake International Inc. is available.
Miyake's licenses include hosiery, luggage, home furnishings, and bicycles.
--------------------------------------------------
The following biography contains information on Fashion Designer Jacques
Fath.
BIOGRAPHY
JAQUES FATH, date of creation 1944
In 1944, Jacques Fath founded his company at 39 Pierre 1er de Serbie.
He is the first designer to export his creations to the United States
(1948).
Jacques Fath dressed the greatest stars: Rita Hayworth, Ava Gardner,
Greta Garbo...
In November 1954, Jacques Fath died.
The Jacques Fath company was relaunched in 1992 and in March 1997 was bought by the group EK FINANCES. In its renewed form, the Jacques Fath style also stands for elegance, refinement and
perfect quality in high luxury clothing. Since the Fall/Winter 1998, Octavio Pizarro has been in charge of the pret-a-porter Couture of Jacques Fath.
Womens' Pret-a-porter Accessories Parfumes 2 for women Fath de Fath Eau de Fath 1 for men Green Water
The following biography contains information on Fashion Designer Jean Charles De Castelbajac.
BIOGRAPHY
Since the age of 20, Jean-Charles de Castelbajac has designed original
clothing that encourages an aesthetic way of life. Colourful and fun; his
designs reflect a passion for art and nature.
Jean-Charles de Castelbajac defies fashion standards with sportswear that does not forget a spirit of elegance: hijacking materials such as blankets, floor cloths, and ace bandages combined with basic colors or pursuing co-operative endeavours with artists to design his famed Painting-Dresses.
The designer also makes home furnishings, reviving traditional furnishings (such as the Chesterfield sofa and the Medaillon style chair) with the colors. A line of carpets, light fittings, porcelain and household linen also reflect the Castelbajac style.
In addition, Jean-Charles de Castelbajac proves his talent as a fashion designer by applying his personal touch to all aspects of our daily life. For example, he designed the visuals for the opening credits of Muzzik; the cable television station.
In 2000-2, Jean-Charles de Castelbajac's objective is to design a wardrobe for today's woman.
Deluxe women's ready-to-wear Ready-to-Wear: Men's Jeans Sportswear Accessories
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